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Immigration is very different than it was say

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even 10 years ago. There's more coming from

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Asia, China in India, both Central and South

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America.

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And then, you know, Africa as well. So

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it is becoming, you know, more global and

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than it was...

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We saw a 65 percent increase, and the

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number of

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applications certified of 5 to 4 workers for

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H28 workers to come and work in the

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farming communities,

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And not only that, 2 thirds of the

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counties

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in the country, Had employers requesting for H

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2 workers.

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And a lot of times we talk about

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plants, and and that's important, but, you know,

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dairy farmers, cattle farmers, spot farmers also have

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shortages,

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And dairy farmers especially have a lot of

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shortages in labor, and we do need to

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be thinking about programs that can help in

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their labor shortages as well.

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It's time for conversations about our food and

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how it's grown on farm to table talk

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with your host, Roger Lawson.

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Well, farm to table

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means that getting the food from the farm

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to the table. It we need a lot

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of help. Sometimes you don't have all the

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help you need.

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It labor. And there's so many issues related

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to labor. There's

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issues related to

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certainly

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immigration they overlap

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we're gonna cover a lot of this ground

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today because I I think I... To myself,

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when I go at this time of the

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year, and I'm trying to pick up stone

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fruit.

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Supermarkets because it's nice and fresh.

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But how it ended up getting to the

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store in the first place who was helping

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getting that product there

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you you see those things, but you don't

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pause to think about them. Month today, we're

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gonna pause to think about them. We're gonna

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we're gonna talk about that a little bit,

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And I'm... Happy to welcome. Steve Hubbard. And

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he's from the American

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immigration Council

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that's based in Washington, Dc, but

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We're gonna find out from Steve. He's not

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personally living in Washington, Dc in Brooklyn now,

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but he's in Iowa farm boy too.

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So What a combination, Steve. Welcome to farm

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to table talk. Yeah. Well, thank you for

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having me.

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Boy, it's Steve, We got so many things.

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I'm looking forward to. Talking about. And

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and and 1 of them that I'm gonna

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keep drifting back to a little bit is

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that, you grew up in farm country in

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in Iowa

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and now you're in Brooklyn.

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That's,

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they have to really work to think what

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they have in common of impact.

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Well, other than the fact, I think there's

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an appreciation in both cases about

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about food production and how foods produced and

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And so you get AAA very, very different

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perspective between

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Brooklyn and and the Iowa. So

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just like I do, different from growing up

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on a Farm in Illinois here I'm in

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Sacramento, California right now too. But

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where I would like to start,

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Is this organization explaining a little bit more?

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What what is the American immigration council?

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So we're in advocacy or...

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Organization for

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immigration and immigrants.

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We work... We have a legal team, Of

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course that looks at,

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you know,

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if issues of legality and immigration, of course,

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they're very busy right now because immigration is

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a very

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important topic in a very important discussion that

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people are having.

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We also have a policy center that looks

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at policy

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both at the national level, but most importantly

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at the state and local level. We see

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a lot of activity, I'm happening at the

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state and local,

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you know, looking at immigrant and immigration. And

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then we have a research,

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group, which I'm a part of, of course,

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That looks at

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immigration, I know wide variety of ways and

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how immigrants give back to the country.

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A lot of times we look at economic.

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Research and how

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it's important for immigrants in our workforce and

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our labor workforce,

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and how they contribute to our our tax

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revenue.

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And then also looking at issues at the

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border and things like that. We we help,

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our teams

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solve and look at some of those issues

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at we, you know, discuss discussion about immigration

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and helping people understand,

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what are some of the issues

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impacting immigration and how important immigrants are to

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our,

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society into our communities.

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You know, there's so many ways to jump

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into this, but 1 I just have to

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mention, I think, when we talk about Farm

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table and we're talk about about agriculture.

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Farmers need a lot of help. You need

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people to help. It's certainly, like, the times

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of the year or too when there are

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some crops such as.

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Peaches in Georgia and some other areas that

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just not enough local help.

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And so there's programs that I think we

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can talk about like the h 2 way,

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and they may have... There may be other

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acronyms right now. It seems like there... There's

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always some new acronym to relate to how

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to how we can get help. And I've

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talked to farms before that are

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never thought they would have to be getting

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help, from other places and they have. And

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I've just on a a, in a meeting

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with a conference where somebody who's projecting

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labor needs

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and and how we are not gonna have

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enough people to help really kind of around

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the world, and they were projecting and not

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that far into the future.

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Of how

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Africa would become a the major source

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of

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programs like H 2 and others to bring

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bring workers over to help harvest some of

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the crops.

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Mh. And it's kind of a race on

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that front because there's also robotics being developed

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So be keep hoping that they can find

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ways you can mechanically do some of these

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things, but it's not here yet. It's

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it's still coming. And then you've got... So

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then you've got all the the normal ways

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that maybe your family certainly mine came in

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and

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got off a boat from Europe and stood

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in line and found a way to get

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to Iowa, and Illinois and other places. And

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and then you've got

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what everybody's focusing on now, crowds

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coming across the border.

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At very controversial, it's... You know, and, you

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know, I don't have to be the 1

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to break the news to the listeners it's

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controversial.

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But that broad broad spectrum,

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your organization touches a little bit of all

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of that, I guess.

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Yeah. We look at that.

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You know, we look at a different aspects

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of immigration, we, for instance, every year do

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a a report on the Fortune 500. And

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we look at companies

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that were started by,

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immigrants or children of immigrants and we find

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that usually about 45 percent, of Fortune 500

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companies were actually started by immigrants or or

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children of immigrants.

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So... There's that ancestry part that we we

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talk about

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and then we also talk about, you know,

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how important both,

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people who come here on Visas like, you

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know, temporary visas like h 2, which is

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specifically for agriculture.

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And, you know, how that has impact

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agriculture in the industry, you And then we

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also talk about, you know,

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immigrants who are here that are undocumented. And

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you know, they... Are here, but they still

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contribute a lot to the economy,

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and are still important to our labor force.

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And and so, you know, when we have

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discussions

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about immigration. We we wanna make sure people

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know that, you know, they do contribute to

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our tax base. They do

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many come here at working age. So they

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are working in many ways. And and and

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many also start their own business,

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Yeah. So it's different economic aspects that we

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want to make sure people understand and know

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about immigrants in the many different ways that

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they may have come here.

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I just got back from a trip back

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to the East Coast went from California

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to New York and Massachusetts. And

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and I had, I know, how many Uber

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rides I had,

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Mh.

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Every single driver I had. I mean, even

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our own airport, was it hear from somewhere

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else.

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And

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you know, it's that's something that's that's kinda

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heart about that. And that you have that

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personal experience with it too.

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It's also a little bit frustrating because some

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are kind of pushing the envelope to try

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to get into it and they don't speak

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English at all. I had 1 of those,

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and I had to help them

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quite a bit. And I thought, you know

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what? I'm I'm glad you're getting this opportunity,

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but

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they probably get you a little more help

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with the language. So there aren't those little

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rough edges trying to get up to speed.

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But even around here, I see places that

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our people can come in and they're learning...

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They're learning English. They're getting kids to learn

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English. They're doing...

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And, you know, it's... So again, it's there's

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a real positive vibe

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to to a a lot of that.

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You know, I live in in Brooklyn, New

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York, And and we have a lot of

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immigrants here, of course,

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just because New york City is a city

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of immigrants. Sure.

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And 1 of the things I enjoy is

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that,

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the restaurants in the food, Yeah culturally so

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many different types of the food.

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And it makes it very interesting to to

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try different things, everything from, you know, Ethiopian

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to

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you know, Lebanese food to... Just, you know,

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you name it, different types of culture cultures

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and and the restaurants that are here and

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you get to try different things. And it

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does make a a very rich experience

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And very much, you know, so much, like

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the rest of the country, you know, there

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there is that opportunity where in many different

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cities in many different communities,

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across the country where they have no great

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food. Oh, yeah. Yeah. We had... Actually, my

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wife and I just before Did this podcast.

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We just came back from a 5 mile

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walk.

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To

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a coffee shop that we found that is

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in a medical center by a hospital that's

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a nice nice walk away and

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and

274
00:10:26,167 --> 00:10:29,111
the lady that that runs it her family

275
00:10:29,111 --> 00:10:30,542
is from from India,

276
00:10:31,432 --> 00:10:34,374
and she has a a recipe for a

277
00:10:34,374 --> 00:10:34,874
masala

278
00:10:35,646 --> 00:10:36,680
that uses chai.

279
00:10:37,873 --> 00:10:39,781
And I get the Chai Latte masala, and

280
00:10:39,781 --> 00:10:41,624
she makes it extra spicy for me.

281
00:10:42,418 --> 00:10:45,120
And it's been passed down from generations generations

282
00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:46,868
and like. Oh, great is, I could walk

283
00:10:46,868 --> 00:10:49,013
to someplace and get something like that that

284
00:10:49,013 --> 00:10:51,342
has this spicy great story and someone in

285
00:10:51,342 --> 00:10:52,481
their family that's

286
00:10:52,860 --> 00:10:55,337
that's sharing it. And and you're right, just...

287
00:10:55,817 --> 00:10:58,228
You find these discoveries all over. And as

288
00:10:58,228 --> 00:11:00,563
they come in, they bring that interesting cuisine

289
00:11:00,621 --> 00:11:01,121
and

290
00:11:01,817 --> 00:11:03,971
probably a few places have as much variety

291
00:11:03,971 --> 00:11:06,842
as you do in Brooklyn. You, that's... I

292
00:11:07,002 --> 00:11:09,326
I get it. Mh But but, I guess

293
00:11:09,326 --> 00:11:12,032
in in looking at this broad broad picture

294
00:11:12,032 --> 00:11:13,941
and all the way that people are coming

295
00:11:13,941 --> 00:11:14,441
in

296
00:11:14,896 --> 00:11:16,567
to the to the United States.

297
00:11:17,219 --> 00:11:18,733
I mean, I can see 1 role for

298
00:11:18,733 --> 00:11:21,122
an organization like yours of kind of, like,

299
00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:23,990
see how it happens perhaps in your... And

300
00:11:23,990 --> 00:11:26,061
what the progress is or what the issues

301
00:11:26,061 --> 00:11:26,221
are.

302
00:11:26,874 --> 00:11:29,931
But then is there a policy stage

303
00:11:30,629 --> 00:11:33,985
where where you identify things that need to

304
00:11:33,985 --> 00:11:37,569
be? Improve or changed or made stricter or

305
00:11:37,569 --> 00:11:40,843
looser or something like that that you're able

306
00:11:40,897 --> 00:11:41,397
to

307
00:11:42,343 --> 00:11:42,843
proposed

308
00:11:43,300 --> 00:11:46,091
regulations or talk to members of Congress about

309
00:11:46,410 --> 00:11:48,585
changing laws to be able to

310
00:11:48,963 --> 00:11:50,340
affect that flow

311
00:11:50,797 --> 00:11:51,435
into the country.

312
00:11:52,888 --> 00:11:55,365
Yeah. So we do have a policy team,

313
00:11:56,163 --> 00:11:57,921
and and I'm part of the research team.

314
00:11:58,560 --> 00:11:59,014
So

315
00:11:59,614 --> 00:12:01,771
I don't talk a lot about policy because

316
00:12:01,931 --> 00:12:03,769
I let my policy folks to talk about

317
00:12:03,769 --> 00:12:06,027
policy, but certainly, they are often

318
00:12:06,406 --> 00:12:07,385
talking with

319
00:12:08,336 --> 00:12:10,806
legislators both and we think of that nationally,

320
00:12:11,602 --> 00:12:13,377
and we certainly we were part of that

321
00:12:13,514 --> 00:12:15,506
conversation, and and we do and we provide

322
00:12:15,506 --> 00:12:16,962
data and discuss

323
00:12:17,675 --> 00:12:20,315
and and look at different aspects of of

324
00:12:20,315 --> 00:12:23,115
policy and how that can impact immigration. But

325
00:12:23,115 --> 00:12:24,955
a lot also happens at the state and

326
00:12:24,955 --> 00:12:25,730
local level

327
00:12:26,806 --> 00:12:28,641
you know, I think at the national level,

328
00:12:28,721 --> 00:12:29,779
we're sort of frozen

329
00:12:30,316 --> 00:12:31,432
in discussion.

330
00:12:32,788 --> 00:12:35,522
And and I think we see more so

331
00:12:36,153 --> 00:12:38,644
discussions at the state and local level about,

332
00:12:38,861 --> 00:12:41,831
you know, where are places where they need

333
00:12:41,968 --> 00:12:42,446
workers,

334
00:12:43,019 --> 00:12:44,636
and how can immigrants

335
00:12:45,333 --> 00:12:46,312
you know, help

336
00:12:46,690 --> 00:12:48,924
in in supplying those workers? You know, I

337
00:12:48,924 --> 00:12:50,281
know places in Iowa,

338
00:12:51,013 --> 00:12:53,321
where they need workers, You know, They they

339
00:12:53,321 --> 00:12:54,992
have industry and they're just saying, you know,

340
00:12:55,072 --> 00:12:56,584
we just don't have the number of workers

341
00:12:56,584 --> 00:12:59,051
here. And how can we attract and and

342
00:12:59,051 --> 00:12:59,949
bring people

343
00:13:01,134 --> 00:13:03,202
to be a part of that, I'd be

344
00:13:03,202 --> 00:13:04,475
part of the the community.

345
00:13:05,190 --> 00:13:07,974
And and so I think, you know, we

346
00:13:07,974 --> 00:13:09,899
see that the state and local level, and

347
00:13:09,899 --> 00:13:11,014
we try to option help,

348
00:13:11,890 --> 00:13:13,801
you know, at the state and local level

349
00:13:13,801 --> 00:13:16,350
provide data. You know, we use a lot

350
00:13:16,350 --> 00:13:19,388
of information what's... Called the American Community survey.

351
00:13:20,422 --> 00:13:22,806
It's run by the Us census. They run

352
00:13:22,806 --> 00:13:25,485
it every year. And we give them statistics

353
00:13:25,842 --> 00:13:28,626
about, you know, what their community makeup looks

354
00:13:28,626 --> 00:13:30,796
like and what, you know, who

355
00:13:31,727 --> 00:13:32,466
what their

356
00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:34,764
workforce looks like and things like that. And

357
00:13:34,764 --> 00:13:36,774
so we try to help in that conversation

358
00:13:37,070 --> 00:13:39,716
and try to, help at the local level

359
00:13:40,011 --> 00:13:41,840
and state level and then, of course, at

360
00:13:41,840 --> 00:13:42,874
the national level as well.

361
00:13:43,763 --> 00:13:45,434
You know, when we talk about these sorts

362
00:13:45,434 --> 00:13:47,025
of things. Some people look at the news

363
00:13:47,025 --> 00:13:48,617
of how many are coming across the border,

364
00:13:48,855 --> 00:13:49,992
and that's obviously

365
00:13:50,367 --> 00:13:52,436
controversial it was because... There's a stage where,

366
00:13:53,330 --> 00:13:55,570
some people say, well, we do need people,

367
00:13:55,730 --> 00:13:57,649
but we don't need that many or we

368
00:13:57,649 --> 00:13:59,250
we want them to come the right way,

369
00:13:59,410 --> 00:14:01,029
and they're they may be getting

370
00:14:01,345 --> 00:14:03,664
subsidize. There's all these issues related to it.

371
00:14:03,824 --> 00:14:04,725
But there's also

372
00:14:05,264 --> 00:14:07,504
1 central issue that comes up often to

373
00:14:07,504 --> 00:14:09,320
places like these areas you were talking about

374
00:14:09,439 --> 00:14:11,110
in iowa. It's kinda like, well, wait a

375
00:14:11,110 --> 00:14:12,782
minute then. There probably be some of these

376
00:14:12,782 --> 00:14:14,056
people who can come up and take these

377
00:14:14,056 --> 00:14:15,568
jobs that nobody else are taking.

378
00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:19,505
Out are are are you able to

379
00:14:20,675 --> 00:14:21,812
kind of objectively

380
00:14:22,187 --> 00:14:23,937
observe those kind of facts?

381
00:14:24,828 --> 00:14:25,466
And and

382
00:14:26,103 --> 00:14:27,698
so the people can say, well, yeah know,

383
00:14:27,857 --> 00:14:29,053
maybe that's true, You know,

384
00:14:29,771 --> 00:14:32,242
why aren't if we've got so many more

385
00:14:32,242 --> 00:14:32,641
people than,

386
00:14:33,374 --> 00:14:35,851
some think we can we can absorb here

387
00:14:35,851 --> 00:14:38,248
in this country. Why aren't they making it

388
00:14:38,248 --> 00:14:40,725
in to the to the parts of the

389
00:14:40,725 --> 00:14:42,737
of this they they can't get people to

390
00:14:42,737 --> 00:14:44,495
work in the pan plant or can't get

391
00:14:44,495 --> 00:14:46,492
people to go to the the peach orchard.

392
00:14:47,211 --> 00:14:47,530
Mh.

393
00:14:48,264 --> 00:14:49,859
Yeah. You know, I don't know I have

394
00:14:49,859 --> 00:14:50,816
a lot of of,

395
00:14:51,774 --> 00:14:53,311
specifics on on how

396
00:14:53,847 --> 00:14:54,884
that can be done,

397
00:14:55,762 --> 00:14:57,777
but I will say there are programs

398
00:14:58,250 --> 00:15:00,570
that we talk about with, like, the H2A,

399
00:15:01,289 --> 00:15:02,570
temporary Visa program,

400
00:15:03,210 --> 00:15:03,710
where

401
00:15:04,809 --> 00:15:06,809
and these are 4 farm workers to come

402
00:15:06,809 --> 00:15:07,309
in

403
00:15:08,024 --> 00:15:08,504
and say,

404
00:15:09,225 --> 00:15:10,584
when we looked at the data to say,

405
00:15:10,745 --> 00:15:12,044
hey, we need workers

406
00:15:13,144 --> 00:15:14,125
to be here

407
00:15:14,584 --> 00:15:16,990
and to work in our fields to harvest

408
00:15:16,990 --> 00:15:18,602
the field, you know, to

409
00:15:19,134 --> 00:15:19,373
crop.

410
00:15:20,881 --> 00:15:23,105
And and and we tend to look in...

411
00:15:23,343 --> 00:15:24,613
That's 1 of the reasons why we did

412
00:15:24,613 --> 00:15:26,780
this recent... Report on the H 2, is

413
00:15:26,780 --> 00:15:28,375
to look at the demand? And where is

414
00:15:28,375 --> 00:15:31,326
that at? And and why is that and

415
00:15:31,326 --> 00:15:31,826
why

416
00:15:32,762 --> 00:15:34,676
you know, what what can we do to

417
00:15:34,676 --> 00:15:35,129
help

418
00:15:36,128 --> 00:15:38,525
try to improve the H 2 program and

419
00:15:38,525 --> 00:15:39,484
looking at the data.

420
00:15:40,043 --> 00:15:42,121
And, you know, like I said, I try

421
00:15:42,121 --> 00:15:44,370
to help get people the data and to

422
00:15:44,370 --> 00:15:46,202
try to show things and try to tell

423
00:15:46,202 --> 00:15:48,831
the story with that data. And then have

424
00:15:48,831 --> 00:15:50,744
people have a discussion and to say, okay,

425
00:15:51,062 --> 00:15:53,029
look at. You know, there's parts of the

426
00:15:53,228 --> 00:15:54,922
Southern California and Southern

427
00:15:55,695 --> 00:15:57,945
Arizona that, you know, really grew Texas

428
00:15:58,400 --> 00:16:00,628
really grew in demand for H 2, You

429
00:16:00,628 --> 00:16:01,662
know, Southern Florida.

430
00:16:02,313 --> 00:16:04,541
I and and then also in in parts

431
00:16:04,541 --> 00:16:05,280
of Western

432
00:16:05,735 --> 00:16:06,132
Michigan,

433
00:16:07,405 --> 00:16:10,386
there orchard there that were... Seem to have

434
00:16:10,443 --> 00:16:12,908
increase in demand for H 2 workers.

435
00:16:13,623 --> 00:16:15,531
And so if it gives us a little

436
00:16:15,531 --> 00:16:17,758
bit of understanding, when we work with local

437
00:16:17,758 --> 00:16:19,681
communities to say, it you know,

438
00:16:20,397 --> 00:16:22,783
there's been demand for workers to come here.

439
00:16:24,692 --> 00:16:25,886
1 of the things about the report,

440
00:16:26,860 --> 00:16:28,379
that I've been talking about is we looked

441
00:16:28,379 --> 00:16:29,199
at demand

442
00:16:29,980 --> 00:16:31,019
at at this report.

443
00:16:31,819 --> 00:16:32,319
And

444
00:16:32,620 --> 00:16:35,019
it it doesn't really necessarily they actually come

445
00:16:35,019 --> 00:16:36,790
here because there's so much but it's such

446
00:16:36,790 --> 00:16:37,586
a long process.

447
00:16:38,064 --> 00:16:40,078
Sure. To get temporary

448
00:16:40,454 --> 00:16:41,091
workers here.

449
00:16:42,127 --> 00:16:44,198
You first have to go through the Department

450
00:16:44,198 --> 00:16:46,518
of labor. Which is where my data comes

451
00:16:46,518 --> 00:16:47,946
from is from the Department of labor.

452
00:16:48,502 --> 00:16:50,986
But it also has to be approved by

453
00:16:51,915 --> 00:16:54,978
United States, you know, customs and immigration services,

454
00:16:55,674 --> 00:16:57,588
and even, you know, at the embassy level,

455
00:16:58,704 --> 00:17:00,698
approving workers to come through. So there's a

456
00:17:00,698 --> 00:17:03,342
very long process to kinda get people through

457
00:17:03,342 --> 00:17:04,378
to come here to work.

458
00:17:05,255 --> 00:17:05,755
And

459
00:17:07,087 --> 00:17:08,680
what we wanted to show the demand first,

460
00:17:08,919 --> 00:17:11,285
how it get an understanding of where us

461
00:17:11,483 --> 00:17:13,308
workers are needed across the country.

462
00:17:14,261 --> 00:17:15,713
Was that the principal

463
00:17:16,404 --> 00:17:18,388
goal of this of this research?

464
00:17:19,679 --> 00:17:21,940
The principal goal is yes to show the

465
00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:24,500
location, but also to show the demand

466
00:17:24,880 --> 00:17:27,200
the of the... What was the demand. And

467
00:17:27,200 --> 00:17:29,474
so, we we looked at 5 years

468
00:17:29,934 --> 00:17:32,894
from, we compared 20 17 to 20 22,

469
00:17:34,015 --> 00:17:34,515
and

470
00:17:34,815 --> 00:17:36,335
we saw a 65

471
00:17:36,335 --> 00:17:38,607
percent increase. And the number of

472
00:17:39,145 --> 00:17:39,645
applications

473
00:17:40,900 --> 00:17:42,518
for, you know, for

474
00:17:43,773 --> 00:17:46,179
certified of... To for workers for inch 2

475
00:17:46,179 --> 00:17:48,404
8 workers to come and work in the

476
00:17:48,404 --> 00:17:48,904
farm

477
00:17:49,279 --> 00:17:50,153
farming communities.

478
00:17:51,107 --> 00:17:52,878
And not only that

479
00:17:53,589 --> 00:17:56,146
just that number. So, you know, in 20

480
00:17:56,146 --> 00:17:59,023
17, it was about 225000,

481
00:17:59,743 --> 00:18:02,620
and then it increased about 370000.

482
00:18:05,424 --> 00:18:06,460
And that's quite a jump.

483
00:18:07,097 --> 00:18:09,249
But also, we looked at where in the

484
00:18:09,249 --> 00:18:10,147
country and

485
00:18:10,459 --> 00:18:11,578
if you look at... You know, when you

486
00:18:11,578 --> 00:18:13,516
look at 20 17 to 20

487
00:18:13,975 --> 00:18:14,694
23...

488
00:18:15,013 --> 00:18:15,812
20 22,

489
00:18:16,771 --> 00:18:17,330
we're now,

490
00:18:18,144 --> 00:18:21,117
open, employers in 2 thirds of the counties

491
00:18:21,654 --> 00:18:23,510
in the United States have requested

492
00:18:24,287 --> 00:18:26,453
H 2 workers. And so it didn't even,

493
00:18:26,612 --> 00:18:29,578
you know, necessarily grow. It grew 35 percent

494
00:18:29,794 --> 00:18:31,169
from the number of counties

495
00:18:31,545 --> 00:18:33,852
from 20 17 to 20 22.

496
00:18:34,664 --> 00:18:37,065
Which was a big demand, just not in

497
00:18:37,065 --> 00:18:39,065
the numbers, but also geographically.

498
00:18:39,705 --> 00:18:42,684
Blocked and increased. Yeah. Well, and

499
00:18:43,955 --> 00:18:46,426
2 thirds of the counties in the in

500
00:18:46,426 --> 00:18:48,737
in the country? Yes. 2 thirds of the

501
00:18:48,737 --> 00:18:49,237
counties

502
00:18:49,693 --> 00:18:50,411
in the country,

503
00:18:51,304 --> 00:18:53,784
had employers requesting for H 2 workers?

504
00:18:55,224 --> 00:18:56,184
Wow That's that's...

505
00:18:57,224 --> 00:18:59,944
That is that is a a lot.

506
00:19:01,473 --> 00:19:01,973
So

507
00:19:02,347 --> 00:19:03,857
I mean, we get that number to start

508
00:19:03,857 --> 00:19:04,413
with as it,

509
00:19:05,128 --> 00:19:06,400
statewide or county,

510
00:19:06,956 --> 00:19:08,569
labor departments or government

511
00:19:08,943 --> 00:19:09,261
agencies.

512
00:19:09,755 --> 00:19:10,494
Where people

513
00:19:10,875 --> 00:19:13,214
were people filing and and

514
00:19:13,515 --> 00:19:15,515
questions? Is that the original source of this?

515
00:19:16,234 --> 00:19:16,474
So,

516
00:19:17,115 --> 00:19:19,009
no. The source of the data is actually

517
00:19:19,129 --> 00:19:21,354
employers who fill it up, you know, fill

518
00:19:21,354 --> 00:19:21,989
out Okay.

519
00:19:22,784 --> 00:19:26,383
Application. Now there's we're finding about 44 percent

520
00:19:26,614 --> 00:19:30,281
of those applications come from farm labor contractors.

521
00:19:30,839 --> 00:19:31,339
So.

522
00:19:31,876 --> 00:19:35,200
Right. And so these are contractors that help

523
00:19:35,319 --> 00:19:36,678
farmers, find labor,

524
00:19:37,237 --> 00:19:39,475
and they, you know, will help use the

525
00:19:39,634 --> 00:19:40,694
H 2 program

526
00:19:41,393 --> 00:19:43,491
and fill out the applications to help farmers

527
00:19:43,630 --> 00:19:46,198
find from I'm fine labor. But it could

528
00:19:46,198 --> 00:19:48,032
also be an individual farmer or, you know,

529
00:19:48,272 --> 00:19:48,830
a corporate,

530
00:19:49,867 --> 00:19:51,461
what have you? So what are some of

531
00:19:51,461 --> 00:19:53,296
the theories that that that it's growing so

532
00:19:53,296 --> 00:19:53,455
much?

533
00:19:54,670 --> 00:19:57,070
That that there's been such an increase in

534
00:19:57,070 --> 00:19:59,230
demand for, you know, for this kind of

535
00:19:59,230 --> 00:20:01,309
help. Well, part of it, I think,

536
00:20:02,595 --> 00:20:03,309
we're finding...

537
00:20:04,657 --> 00:20:07,670
That probably there's less... That that that we

538
00:20:07,670 --> 00:20:08,146
find less,

539
00:20:10,148 --> 00:20:11,664
so we've always had a lot of a

540
00:20:11,664 --> 00:20:13,520
large immigration, immigrant,

541
00:20:14,536 --> 00:20:15,653
crop production workers.

542
00:20:16,211 --> 00:20:18,057
And I think what we're finding is that,

543
00:20:18,455 --> 00:20:19,250
fewer younger,

544
00:20:20,045 --> 00:20:20,204
immigrant,

545
00:20:22,191 --> 00:20:22,929
farm workers

546
00:20:23,304 --> 00:20:24,599
are going into,

547
00:20:25,786 --> 00:20:28,018
you know, going into farming, going into crop

548
00:20:28,018 --> 00:20:28,257
production.

549
00:20:28,894 --> 00:20:30,648
And I know this crossed in the Us

550
00:20:30,648 --> 00:20:32,481
born population as well that is less

551
00:20:33,134 --> 00:20:34,751
Younger people, but it's really

552
00:20:35,767 --> 00:20:37,623
very high in the

553
00:20:38,719 --> 00:20:41,448
in the immigration population. So we looked at

554
00:20:41,448 --> 00:20:45,284
the average age of the immigrant population, and

555
00:20:45,284 --> 00:20:47,281
it rose from 37.2

556
00:20:47,281 --> 00:20:48,240
in 2006.

557
00:20:48,654 --> 00:20:50,721
Was the average age of the immigrant crop

558
00:20:50,721 --> 00:20:53,821
production worker, and now it is 41 point...

559
00:20:54,139 --> 00:20:55,411
It's 41.6

560
00:20:55,411 --> 00:20:56,865
or nearly 42

561
00:20:57,001 --> 00:20:58,921
years of old. So it's like a 5

562
00:20:58,921 --> 00:21:01,139
and a half year difference in at in

563
00:21:01,139 --> 00:21:03,357
an average. I work with statistics a lot,

564
00:21:03,516 --> 00:21:04,942
and that's a very significant bump.

565
00:21:05,594 --> 00:21:08,231
And in your average age. And so we're

566
00:21:08,231 --> 00:21:10,729
finding that the immigrant farm workers is becoming

567
00:21:11,268 --> 00:21:13,526
much more, you know, is is much older

568
00:21:14,478 --> 00:21:14,978
And

569
00:21:15,753 --> 00:21:17,666
so that is, I think we're we're finding

570
00:21:17,666 --> 00:21:18,723
that a lot of

571
00:21:19,339 --> 00:21:21,251
immigrants are not going so much into.

572
00:21:22,065 --> 00:21:22,565
The

573
00:21:23,424 --> 00:21:24,244
labor force

574
00:21:24,545 --> 00:21:26,705
and they're needing more H 2 workers to

575
00:21:26,705 --> 00:21:28,724
come in. More workers from this standpoint.

576
00:21:29,744 --> 00:21:31,678
Okay. So it's gonna fill in... It's kind

577
00:21:31,678 --> 00:21:32,477
of filling a gap.

578
00:21:33,115 --> 00:21:35,750
Yeah. So just the sheer numbers of immigration

579
00:21:35,750 --> 00:21:38,065
doesn't necessarily mean that you're covering all the

580
00:21:38,065 --> 00:21:39,582
ground of things that are some of the

581
00:21:39,582 --> 00:21:40,801
basic agricultural

582
00:21:41,114 --> 00:21:43,185
skills and and and so forth too.

583
00:21:44,221 --> 00:21:46,053
And and a lot of that work I

584
00:21:46,053 --> 00:21:48,682
would gather is not necessarily 12 month work

585
00:21:48,682 --> 00:21:51,801
either, I mean, it's very seasonal I would

586
00:21:51,801 --> 00:21:54,108
suspect suspect. It is very seasonal.

587
00:21:54,506 --> 00:21:56,415
I will say, the 1 of the things

588
00:21:56,415 --> 00:21:58,245
we do notice, so a sort of a...

589
00:22:00,094 --> 00:22:02,251
Weakness of the H hoa program is that

590
00:22:02,251 --> 00:22:04,489
they are limited in the number of months

591
00:22:04,489 --> 00:22:06,167
that they can work. And I believe it's

592
00:22:06,167 --> 00:22:07,446
either the 9 or 10 months. I don't

593
00:22:07,446 --> 00:22:09,559
know exactly what the number is. But

594
00:22:10,178 --> 00:22:12,815
there there is an argument to say, could

595
00:22:12,815 --> 00:22:15,292
we could, you know, H hoa workers work

596
00:22:15,292 --> 00:22:16,970
at a longer, you know, period?

597
00:22:17,865 --> 00:22:20,744
For the farmer because there are times after

598
00:22:20,744 --> 00:22:22,744
the crop is, you know, produced they need

599
00:22:22,744 --> 00:22:25,304
help also with managing the farm or prepare

600
00:22:25,304 --> 00:22:27,945
for the next season and and and things

601
00:22:27,945 --> 00:22:28,501
like that.

602
00:22:29,216 --> 00:22:29,454
So...

603
00:22:30,407 --> 00:22:32,336
And it kinda depends on what crop you're

604
00:22:32,393 --> 00:22:33,902
producing as well in many ways.

605
00:22:35,271 --> 00:22:38,242
Yeah. Perfect. Yeah. We're offering that. And another

606
00:22:38,539 --> 00:22:40,214
answer to your question is that we see

607
00:22:40,214 --> 00:22:42,548
a lot... The increases that we've seen

608
00:22:43,257 --> 00:22:45,797
all across the different industries within agriculture.

609
00:22:46,352 --> 00:22:48,574
But 1 of the largest areas has been

610
00:22:48,574 --> 00:22:49,947
in the fruit and vegetable

611
00:22:50,876 --> 00:22:51,272
area.

612
00:22:52,003 --> 00:22:53,620
Along that southern border

613
00:22:54,156 --> 00:22:54,475
along,

614
00:22:55,990 --> 00:22:57,027
you know, Southern California,

615
00:22:57,824 --> 00:23:00,216
Arizona, and in Texas and in Florida,

616
00:23:01,188 --> 00:23:02,623
has seen a lot of that increase.

617
00:23:03,579 --> 00:23:05,094
But in other parts of of the country

618
00:23:05,094 --> 00:23:06,369
have seen increases as well.

619
00:23:07,565 --> 00:23:08,761
Yeah. That's really interesting.

620
00:23:09,731 --> 00:23:11,084
You know, the other thing, I I think

621
00:23:11,163 --> 00:23:13,709
I've heard before that immigration from Mexico has

622
00:23:13,709 --> 00:23:15,777
actually been down for several years.

623
00:23:16,349 --> 00:23:18,579
Yeah. And so, so along that border,

624
00:23:19,216 --> 00:23:21,547
and and couple reasons, but for

625
00:23:22,083 --> 00:23:24,631
people that are Mexican Mexican citizens.

626
00:23:26,236 --> 00:23:28,781
There's more to do there. Yeah. And and

627
00:23:28,781 --> 00:23:31,109
so they don't need to come... So what

628
00:23:31,484 --> 00:23:32,756
seems to be a distortion.

629
00:23:33,169 --> 00:23:35,007
And when people are looking at the immigration,

630
00:23:35,566 --> 00:23:37,564
a lot coming across the border aren't from

631
00:23:37,723 --> 00:23:40,520
Mexico. They're walking right through Mexico. Because they've...

632
00:23:41,014 --> 00:23:42,767
And they're coming from different places around the

633
00:23:42,767 --> 00:23:44,918
world and they're coming in through the border

634
00:23:44,918 --> 00:23:47,012
of there, But it's not really Mexicans. And

635
00:23:47,229 --> 00:23:49,075
and and that's where You know, when you

636
00:23:49,075 --> 00:23:50,824
say that, I could see, well, maybe we've

637
00:23:50,824 --> 00:23:52,970
got dependent for people that were coming across

638
00:23:52,970 --> 00:23:55,036
and doing Some work going back across the

639
00:23:55,036 --> 00:23:57,103
border back and forth a little bit.

640
00:23:57,833 --> 00:23:58,231
But

641
00:23:58,787 --> 00:24:00,616
there's no reason to do that now because

642
00:24:00,616 --> 00:24:01,672
you've got all these

643
00:24:02,126 --> 00:24:04,272
plants and factories that are assembling and it's

644
00:24:04,272 --> 00:24:05,942
and it's might even be more of that

645
00:24:05,942 --> 00:24:06,657
coming on because...

646
00:24:07,468 --> 00:24:10,098
Because now when we're sourcing closer to the

647
00:24:10,098 --> 00:24:11,873
states, if we're not in the states

648
00:24:12,648 --> 00:24:14,662
instead of having a long boat from China

649
00:24:15,054 --> 00:24:16,745
to come here. They can put them together

650
00:24:16,801 --> 00:24:19,581
in Mexico and just, you know, come across

651
00:24:19,581 --> 00:24:21,908
the the border would finished goods. So there's

652
00:24:22,043 --> 00:24:24,206
lots of job up to lots of job

653
00:24:24,206 --> 00:24:26,519
opportunities there for people that are citizens of

654
00:24:26,598 --> 00:24:27,077
Mexico.

655
00:24:27,795 --> 00:24:29,868
Yes. That's right. The... There was a recent

656
00:24:29,868 --> 00:24:32,101
article in the Washington post about that that...

657
00:24:32,594 --> 00:24:33,413
You know, Mexico

658
00:24:33,789 --> 00:24:34,289
has,

659
00:24:34,745 --> 00:24:36,817
you know, has their own agriculture industry, and,

660
00:24:36,976 --> 00:24:39,446
yeah. Looking for workers, and they have labor

661
00:24:39,446 --> 00:24:41,518
shortages just like we do. And and so

662
00:24:41,518 --> 00:24:43,439
they have a lot of of they're trying

663
00:24:43,439 --> 00:24:44,707
to pull people in as well.

664
00:24:45,261 --> 00:24:46,316
And so they're

665
00:24:46,925 --> 00:24:48,589
you know, they're probably is less need. And

666
00:24:48,589 --> 00:24:50,753
we do see there has been a decrease.

667
00:24:50,913 --> 00:24:52,990
It's... You know, Mexico is still... We we

668
00:24:52,990 --> 00:24:53,890
still see people,

669
00:24:54,428 --> 00:24:56,585
I integrating from mix Mexico that that does

670
00:24:56,585 --> 00:24:58,759
happen, but it's not as much as what

671
00:24:58,759 --> 00:25:00,599
we normally have seen in the past. It

672
00:25:00,599 --> 00:25:02,599
it has been, you, slightly decreasing. And then

673
00:25:02,599 --> 00:25:04,920
we've also seen and we've done another study

674
00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:07,717
where some, you know, Mexican immigrants have gone

675
00:25:07,717 --> 00:25:09,543
back to Mexico, you know? Yeah So. Sure.

676
00:25:10,813 --> 00:25:11,131
And

677
00:25:12,004 --> 00:25:12,084
yeah.

678
00:25:12,957 --> 00:25:15,518
We... Immigration is very different. Than it was

679
00:25:15,518 --> 00:25:17,593
say even 10 years ago. You know, you're

680
00:25:17,593 --> 00:25:21,265
right. There's more coming from Asia, China in

681
00:25:21,504 --> 00:25:23,021
India, that is, you know,

682
00:25:24,151 --> 00:25:26,874
you know, 2 countries that have increased in

683
00:25:27,009 --> 00:25:28,994
immigration, as well as Central and South America.

684
00:25:29,550 --> 00:25:31,614
And then, you know, Africa as well. So

685
00:25:31,614 --> 00:25:32,670
it is becoming

686
00:25:34,253 --> 00:25:36,723
a little, you know, more global and than

687
00:25:36,723 --> 00:25:37,382
it was,

688
00:25:37,758 --> 00:25:40,887
say 10:15 years ago. Well, on the demographics

689
00:25:41,024 --> 00:25:42,867
when you start looking at? Size of the

690
00:25:42,867 --> 00:25:44,477
families and the and

691
00:25:44,929 --> 00:25:47,149
areas of the world that aren't even replacing

692
00:25:47,149 --> 00:25:49,980
their own population and it's their population the

693
00:25:50,099 --> 00:25:52,246
gonna be declining 1 area that doesn't seem

694
00:25:52,246 --> 00:25:54,394
to be having Mad is Africa. And so

695
00:25:54,394 --> 00:25:56,382
when you start looking ahead the next 15,

696
00:25:56,621 --> 00:25:58,075
20 years as we're

697
00:25:58,530 --> 00:26:01,568
gonna young people are that can work. That's

698
00:26:01,568 --> 00:26:03,955
gonna be that's gonna be different. But... Mainly,

699
00:26:04,114 --> 00:26:05,307
that's that's that's intriguing.

700
00:26:05,959 --> 00:26:09,084
So that explains part of that increased demand

701
00:26:09,460 --> 00:26:10,732
in 2.

702
00:26:11,449 --> 00:26:13,613
How do they come up with these... Tricky

703
00:26:13,613 --> 00:26:15,288
names, like H2A,

704
00:26:15,447 --> 00:26:18,079
you know, I don't, you know, government acronyms,

705
00:26:18,239 --> 00:26:20,153
there must be a school they go to

706
00:26:20,153 --> 00:26:21,669
and say, look, we're up to the letter

707
00:26:21,669 --> 00:26:22,966
h now. And

708
00:26:23,278 --> 00:26:25,105
So what does... What does it stand for?

709
00:26:26,694 --> 00:26:28,203
You know, I do not know what H

710
00:26:28,203 --> 00:26:29,871
2 stands for I'm working.

711
00:26:30,507 --> 00:26:32,334
I will say that, you know, I'm doing

712
00:26:32,334 --> 00:26:34,492
report now and H2B0,

713
00:26:34,731 --> 00:26:37,033
of, course. Of course, that how do they

714
00:26:37,033 --> 00:26:39,097
come up with that? These... They genius.

715
00:26:40,526 --> 00:26:41,876
You, I don't know history of it.

716
00:26:43,250 --> 00:26:43,750
Workers

717
00:26:44,130 --> 00:26:46,130
are are a lot of times they're more

718
00:26:46,130 --> 00:26:46,789
in landscaping.

719
00:26:47,250 --> 00:26:47,990
They're seasonal

720
00:26:48,450 --> 00:26:50,869
usually tied not always, but tied to

721
00:26:51,264 --> 00:26:53,435
you know, to... Tourism to

722
00:26:54,367 --> 00:26:55,742
other places that need

723
00:26:56,117 --> 00:26:56,617
workers

724
00:26:57,231 --> 00:26:57,731
temporarily,

725
00:26:58,679 --> 00:27:00,355
I did a really interesting report for the

726
00:27:00,355 --> 00:27:01,254
state of Colorado

727
00:27:01,791 --> 00:27:03,707
where, you know, they have h 2 workers

728
00:27:03,707 --> 00:27:04,686
because they have

729
00:27:05,303 --> 00:27:06,500
farm workers that they need.

730
00:27:07,394 --> 00:27:08,134
For the mini

731
00:27:08,914 --> 00:27:11,875
crops that Colorado produces. And then and then

732
00:27:11,955 --> 00:27:13,795
I a different map for the H 2.

733
00:27:14,448 --> 00:27:16,121
And the H 2 we're kind out around

734
00:27:16,121 --> 00:27:17,872
the edges of the mountains, and then the

735
00:27:17,952 --> 00:27:18,589
H2B,

736
00:27:19,784 --> 00:27:21,775
were weren't, you know, we're coming in

737
00:27:22,173 --> 00:27:22,673
for

738
00:27:23,784 --> 00:27:25,402
the Ski resorts. And so

739
00:27:25,941 --> 00:27:26,900
the Rocky Mountains,

740
00:27:27,460 --> 00:27:29,617
they... That's where they were, you know, going

741
00:27:29,617 --> 00:27:31,695
into. So it's really interesting to do that

742
00:27:31,695 --> 00:27:33,708
comparison in the state between. Are you saying

743
00:27:33,708 --> 00:27:35,226
d as in dog or b as in

744
00:27:35,226 --> 00:27:37,463
boy. B as in boy, H2B0,

745
00:27:37,623 --> 00:27:39,221
of course. Of course. I mean, I was

746
00:27:39,221 --> 00:27:40,020
jumping away I had.

747
00:27:40,672 --> 00:27:42,341
I'm looking looking down the road. I'm ready

748
00:27:42,341 --> 00:27:44,090
to do research and project that there is

749
00:27:44,090 --> 00:27:45,044
a d in the future.

750
00:27:46,077 --> 00:27:47,269
But, must they,

751
00:27:48,159 --> 00:27:49,757
I don't know 1, but there could be.

752
00:27:49,917 --> 00:27:51,755
I know, I think we should make a

753
00:27:51,755 --> 00:27:53,833
requirement that, you know, you should have certain

754
00:27:53,833 --> 00:27:56,470
amount of marketers that have branding experience So...

755
00:27:57,204 --> 00:27:59,042
And the and the bureaucracy. So they don't

756
00:27:59,042 --> 00:28:00,241
have to just go through all the letters

757
00:28:00,241 --> 00:28:01,599
and numbers. But still,

758
00:28:02,318 --> 00:28:05,296
it's it's it's intriguing, and and

759
00:28:06,006 --> 00:28:08,702
Back to the back to the H2A,

760
00:28:10,763 --> 00:28:12,903
you, I've talked to somebody that I had

761
00:28:12,903 --> 00:28:14,913
a guest, actually his name is Blake Hurst

762
00:28:14,913 --> 00:28:16,431
and Missouri. He used to be the president

763
00:28:16,431 --> 00:28:17,550
of the Missouri Farm bureau.

764
00:28:18,269 --> 00:28:20,107
And he's got a greenhouse and his family

765
00:28:20,107 --> 00:28:21,705
as a corn soybeans in Missouri.

766
00:28:23,626 --> 00:28:24,126
And

767
00:28:24,499 --> 00:28:27,275
they just couldn't get help anymore. And it's

768
00:28:27,275 --> 00:28:29,996
a lot of it was coming to head

769
00:28:31,342 --> 00:28:33,917
around the time of the pandemic. And so

770
00:28:34,135 --> 00:28:35,891
I think the wind was at high point

771
00:28:35,891 --> 00:28:36,950
there. And then

772
00:28:37,328 --> 00:28:39,420
they just get people back, and they had

773
00:28:39,420 --> 00:28:41,740
like had for years, they could get people

774
00:28:41,740 --> 00:28:43,259
that that, well, this is good as part

775
00:28:43,259 --> 00:28:44,859
time work. They could work in the greenhouse,

776
00:28:45,019 --> 00:28:47,352
and he just needed a couple. And He

777
00:28:47,352 --> 00:28:49,737
got so desperate. He couldn't get anybody to

778
00:28:49,737 --> 00:28:50,452
come out and work,

779
00:28:51,327 --> 00:28:52,940
and he... So he started

780
00:28:53,473 --> 00:28:55,461
exploring the 2. And if I think, now,

781
00:28:55,620 --> 00:28:56,017
correct me.

782
00:28:56,828 --> 00:28:57,328
But

783
00:28:58,023 --> 00:28:59,719
once he kinda went through all the paperwork

784
00:28:59,856 --> 00:29:01,609
and so forth and what he was going

785
00:29:01,609 --> 00:29:02,008
to need,

786
00:29:02,884 --> 00:29:05,450
I think it involved, like, you know, plane

787
00:29:05,450 --> 00:29:05,849
ticket,

788
00:29:06,567 --> 00:29:08,800
commitment to make arrangements for housing,

789
00:29:09,518 --> 00:29:11,751
must be some sort of income provisions and

790
00:29:11,751 --> 00:29:12,150
so forth.

791
00:29:12,948 --> 00:29:13,346
And

792
00:29:14,476 --> 00:29:16,301
So it it was a little more than

793
00:29:16,301 --> 00:29:17,730
he was used to to doing,

794
00:29:18,523 --> 00:29:20,586
but he finally ended up getting 2 people

795
00:29:20,586 --> 00:29:22,094
from I don't remember what country,

796
00:29:23,064 --> 00:29:24,660
And and and they were very nice. I

797
00:29:24,660 --> 00:29:26,975
mean, their language had some issues, but they

798
00:29:26,975 --> 00:29:28,811
kinda of figure out a way to communicate.

799
00:29:29,051 --> 00:29:29,551
And

800
00:29:29,929 --> 00:29:31,685
and but I do think too. It was

801
00:29:31,685 --> 00:29:33,455
a... It was only, like, 9 months and

802
00:29:33,455 --> 00:29:34,252
they had to go home,

803
00:29:35,368 --> 00:29:36,644
at least for a while, and they might

804
00:29:36,644 --> 00:29:38,079
be able to get them back another year.

805
00:29:38,398 --> 00:29:38,558
This...

806
00:29:39,276 --> 00:29:41,085
Now fill the blanks. That was a pretty

807
00:29:41,203 --> 00:29:43,980
sketchy description, but it but I remember his

808
00:29:43,980 --> 00:29:44,773
experience that it...

809
00:29:45,963 --> 00:29:47,708
He never thought he would be doing this,

810
00:29:48,518 --> 00:29:50,665
you know, as a small farm in Missouri.

811
00:29:51,381 --> 00:29:53,688
And then he he needed to and his

812
00:29:53,688 --> 00:29:54,961
experience is mostly positive.

813
00:29:55,374 --> 00:29:57,052
But, you know, I had some challenges in

814
00:29:57,052 --> 00:29:57,851
learning how to do it.

815
00:29:58,650 --> 00:29:58,889
Mh.

816
00:29:59,848 --> 00:30:01,446
Yeah. III

817
00:30:01,446 --> 00:30:03,768
have a similar... Sort of story about with

818
00:30:03,768 --> 00:30:05,776
my father, who I mentioned

819
00:30:06,149 --> 00:30:06,705
to earlier,

820
00:30:07,737 --> 00:30:10,198
that he's a a country bat, a country

821
00:30:10,198 --> 00:30:11,365
veterinarian and sort

822
00:30:12,122 --> 00:30:12,622
in

823
00:30:13,718 --> 00:30:16,590
in Iowa, and he talks about several farmers

824
00:30:16,590 --> 00:30:17,250
he knows

825
00:30:17,627 --> 00:30:18,559
that needed help

826
00:30:19,315 --> 00:30:21,304
in, you know, different areas, 1 I think

827
00:30:21,304 --> 00:30:23,849
was in hog hog production and that they

828
00:30:23,849 --> 00:30:25,361
have used h 2 workers.

829
00:30:26,573 --> 00:30:29,130
And and I do think that's increasing more

830
00:30:29,130 --> 00:30:31,708
so more farmers are looking at the option

831
00:30:31,847 --> 00:30:33,845
of using the H hoa program.

832
00:30:35,055 --> 00:30:36,486
To get workers that they need.

833
00:30:37,123 --> 00:30:37,600
Mh.

834
00:30:38,793 --> 00:30:40,701
But it's a it's a learning curve. I

835
00:30:40,701 --> 00:30:42,553
mean, when I was when I was a

836
00:30:42,864 --> 00:30:45,022
a young boy. We've got enough bigger in

837
00:30:45,022 --> 00:30:47,280
our farm. We were gonna need everybody head

838
00:30:47,419 --> 00:30:49,736
that was bigger at a certain size. You

839
00:30:49,736 --> 00:30:50,855
had a hired man.

840
00:30:52,384 --> 00:30:54,694
Now on Hindsight, and it could have been

841
00:30:54,694 --> 00:30:57,642
an higher any gender, but it was always,

842
00:30:57,801 --> 00:31:00,293
you know, a higher men, and you had

843
00:31:00,684 --> 00:31:02,277
you had a house and a and a

844
00:31:02,277 --> 00:31:04,666
beef and and access to a pickup truck

845
00:31:04,666 --> 00:31:07,055
and and and so forth. Because you just

846
00:31:07,055 --> 00:31:08,489
couldn't do it with your own family members.

847
00:31:08,648 --> 00:31:10,574
You needed a little... Extra help. And so

848
00:31:10,574 --> 00:31:11,472
they could live

849
00:31:11,848 --> 00:31:13,519
in a in a place down the road,

850
00:31:14,236 --> 00:31:14,634
and

851
00:31:15,191 --> 00:31:16,863
and we had but then pretty soon,

852
00:31:17,994 --> 00:31:19,434
everybody that would do that kind of job

853
00:31:19,434 --> 00:31:20,255
could go

854
00:31:20,634 --> 00:31:22,394
get a job caterpillar instead.

855
00:31:23,515 --> 00:31:25,434
And so you started drifting a field and

856
00:31:25,434 --> 00:31:27,049
we weren't really in back in the corn

857
00:31:27,049 --> 00:31:29,207
belt then looking at labor contractors per s,

858
00:31:29,367 --> 00:31:30,885
but you were looking to the fringe of

859
00:31:30,885 --> 00:31:33,203
the corn belt. So there were people that

860
00:31:33,203 --> 00:31:35,441
you could you'd somehow make a contacting in

861
00:31:35,760 --> 00:31:36,260
Kentucky

862
00:31:36,640 --> 00:31:37,450
or that

863
00:31:37,848 --> 00:31:40,632
would move up and and work until they

864
00:31:40,632 --> 00:31:42,302
heard about the factory and then they left

865
00:31:42,302 --> 00:31:43,598
too. So

866
00:31:43,988 --> 00:31:46,377
Yeah. Then we started making really great big

867
00:31:46,377 --> 00:31:46,775
tractors.

868
00:31:47,571 --> 00:31:47,810
Yes.

869
00:31:51,154 --> 00:31:52,839
Changed farming me a lot. That is... Yeah.

870
00:31:52,998 --> 00:31:55,141
Yeah. No. That's it's a... And and the

871
00:31:55,141 --> 00:31:57,046
the 1 thing that technology not come to

872
00:31:57,046 --> 00:31:58,633
the rescue or some of these people get

873
00:31:58,633 --> 00:32:00,789
though is that... That some of the harvesting

874
00:32:00,789 --> 00:32:03,167
technology. They still haven't got robots down that

875
00:32:03,167 --> 00:32:04,990
do a great job of picking and strawberries

876
00:32:04,990 --> 00:32:05,545
or peaches.

877
00:32:06,337 --> 00:32:08,656
Yeah. And and so there were some things

878
00:32:08,656 --> 00:32:10,804
like that. They've even... They might try to

879
00:32:10,804 --> 00:32:12,554
apply the technology to can. So it's an

880
00:32:12,554 --> 00:32:13,906
it's an interesting process.

881
00:32:15,516 --> 00:32:17,671
That we're that we're going through. As you

882
00:32:17,671 --> 00:32:19,688
do the research, you've

883
00:32:20,065 --> 00:32:22,141
identified... Are there any other trends that you're

884
00:32:22,141 --> 00:32:22,595
you

885
00:32:23,194 --> 00:32:24,015
you sense

886
00:32:24,634 --> 00:32:26,494
that is is going to be

887
00:32:27,674 --> 00:32:30,394
feeding our attitudes and our our our our

888
00:32:30,394 --> 00:32:32,426
long range plans, I mean, if you're

889
00:32:32,880 --> 00:32:36,242
looking at where you're going with needs and

890
00:32:36,616 --> 00:32:38,365
and the ability for somebody to look at

891
00:32:38,365 --> 00:32:40,535
it and say, the way we're headed, We're

892
00:32:40,535 --> 00:32:41,894
gonna need more and more and more of

893
00:32:41,894 --> 00:32:42,134
this.

894
00:32:43,414 --> 00:32:43,894
And

895
00:32:45,015 --> 00:32:46,775
the, does it give you a feel for

896
00:32:46,775 --> 00:32:48,295
where we are now, but where we're headed,

897
00:32:49,749 --> 00:32:51,666
Well, 1 of the things I think is

898
00:32:51,666 --> 00:32:52,226
concerning is...

899
00:32:53,105 --> 00:32:55,343
And 1 the reasons why I I... We

900
00:32:55,343 --> 00:32:56,781
did this report was to look at the

901
00:32:56,781 --> 00:32:58,951
average age. You know, that that... The immigrant

902
00:32:58,951 --> 00:33:00,621
crop production worker is increasing.

903
00:33:01,814 --> 00:33:03,962
And we did a a map, a table

904
00:33:03,962 --> 00:33:06,122
looking at temperature, the And, of course, you

905
00:33:06,122 --> 00:33:08,736
know I mentioned a lot of workers are

906
00:33:08,736 --> 00:33:11,034
working in Southern California, Southern,

907
00:33:11,905 --> 00:33:12,301
Arizona.

908
00:33:12,714 --> 00:33:13,352
Great. Now,

909
00:33:14,947 --> 00:33:17,818
these are very hot regions, and we're, of

910
00:33:17,818 --> 00:33:20,370
course, getting hotter in many ways. So, you

911
00:33:20,370 --> 00:33:21,646
know, so we've been told.

912
00:33:23,094 --> 00:33:25,103
And we do need to

913
00:33:25,477 --> 00:33:28,043
think about that about heat and

914
00:33:28,972 --> 00:33:31,449
our you know, crop production workers and things

915
00:33:31,449 --> 00:33:33,353
like that. Now, many times, when I talk

916
00:33:33,353 --> 00:33:35,044
about these, you know, Southern Californian

917
00:33:35,496 --> 00:33:36,449
and other places,

918
00:33:37,178 --> 00:33:38,928
They are not working at the heat of

919
00:33:38,928 --> 00:33:40,757
the highest part of the summer. Usually, it's

920
00:33:40,757 --> 00:33:42,268
more in the spring and things like that,

921
00:33:42,427 --> 00:33:44,358
But there are certainly heat

922
00:33:45,448 --> 00:33:46,403
considerations to think about.

923
00:33:47,533 --> 00:33:48,970
With these labor forces,

924
00:33:49,848 --> 00:33:50,007
you know,

925
00:33:51,045 --> 00:33:52,402
especially as they're getting older. So it's something

926
00:33:52,801 --> 00:33:53,998
I think is the kind of a warning

927
00:33:53,998 --> 00:33:55,456
sign to be thinking about

928
00:33:56,562 --> 00:33:57,379
going forward

929
00:33:58,070 --> 00:34:00,848
in both our labor supply, but also protection

930
00:34:00,848 --> 00:34:03,070
of our workers and to be thinking about.

931
00:34:04,594 --> 00:34:06,924
So that that that is 1 trend that

932
00:34:07,220 --> 00:34:07,697
I'm seeing.

933
00:34:08,413 --> 00:34:10,402
I I don't see... I I do still

934
00:34:10,402 --> 00:34:12,710
think there's gonna be still increases in H

935
00:34:12,710 --> 00:34:15,271
2 in the... In the temporary farm worker

936
00:34:15,271 --> 00:34:15,669
visas.

937
00:34:16,226 --> 00:34:18,532
I think we're gonna be seeing more employers

938
00:34:18,532 --> 00:34:20,203
looking and relying on those visas.

939
00:34:21,806 --> 00:34:23,708
And that they're gonna play an important part

940
00:34:23,708 --> 00:34:24,659
in agriculture,

941
00:34:25,532 --> 00:34:27,117
and so that, you know, it's gonna be

942
00:34:27,117 --> 00:34:28,331
something that we're gonna be

943
00:34:28,719 --> 00:34:31,036
thinking about of, as far as a policy

944
00:34:31,036 --> 00:34:32,954
side, how can we improve the program?

945
00:34:34,233 --> 00:34:36,251
You know, like I said, maybe possibly

946
00:34:36,963 --> 00:34:39,032
looking at increasing the number of months,

947
00:34:39,907 --> 00:34:40,804
that's available

948
00:34:41,338 --> 00:34:43,327
for H 2 to stay here,

949
00:34:44,535 --> 00:34:46,840
and also, there are caps. Sometimes that they...

950
00:34:46,998 --> 00:34:49,224
That they place and they're increasing those caps

951
00:34:49,224 --> 00:34:50,257
and the number of workers.

952
00:34:51,529 --> 00:34:52,403
H2A

953
00:34:52,403 --> 00:34:54,810
is you know, we do have farm labor

954
00:34:54,810 --> 00:34:55,310
shortages.

955
00:34:56,087 --> 00:34:58,242
So, you know, that that is important to

956
00:34:58,242 --> 00:35:00,557
be thinking about. And a lot of times

957
00:35:00,557 --> 00:35:02,887
we talk about plants, and and that's important,

958
00:35:03,046 --> 00:35:04,483
but, you know, dairy farmers,

959
00:35:05,520 --> 00:35:07,994
cattle farmers, spot farmers also have shortages,

960
00:35:08,393 --> 00:35:10,885
and dairy farmers especially. Have a lot of

961
00:35:10,885 --> 00:35:12,085
shortages in labor,

962
00:35:12,964 --> 00:35:14,585
and we do need to be thinking about

963
00:35:15,045 --> 00:35:17,364
programs that can help in their labor shortages

964
00:35:17,364 --> 00:35:17,844
as well.

965
00:35:18,579 --> 00:35:20,571
Well, who decides what's the limit?

966
00:35:21,926 --> 00:35:23,839
Well, that's usually it's usually by law. It's

967
00:35:23,839 --> 00:35:25,513
usually a a government.

968
00:35:26,564 --> 00:35:27,842
And and this gets a little bit on

969
00:35:27,842 --> 00:35:31,194
policy side. So III kinda... But the policy

970
00:35:31,194 --> 00:35:32,631
time probably I would have to answer that.

971
00:35:33,909 --> 00:35:35,665
But it is a, you know, there's federal...

972
00:35:35,919 --> 00:35:37,986
Caps that are put in, they can increase

973
00:35:37,986 --> 00:35:38,225
them.

974
00:35:39,020 --> 00:35:41,088
Sometimes that can be done by the administration,

975
00:35:42,440 --> 00:35:43,951
and when they look at, you know, the

976
00:35:43,951 --> 00:35:45,461
the demand of that.

977
00:35:46,594 --> 00:35:48,994
We have in discussion in some of these

978
00:35:48,994 --> 00:35:52,114
areas, especially about labor demand, even discussed and,

979
00:35:52,194 --> 00:35:53,154
you know, it's never...

980
00:35:53,809 --> 00:35:55,244
That we're saying this is a way to

981
00:35:55,244 --> 00:35:57,555
go, but add to the discussion, could there

982
00:35:57,555 --> 00:35:58,432
be more local,

983
00:36:00,185 --> 00:36:01,562
you know, discussion and

984
00:36:02,432 --> 00:36:05,226
talk about labor and for instance, governors having

985
00:36:05,226 --> 00:36:06,184
a little bit more say,

986
00:36:06,822 --> 00:36:08,897
And like H 2 and things like that

987
00:36:08,897 --> 00:36:09,455
that they need,

988
00:36:10,268 --> 00:36:12,823
and being involving that more at the local

989
00:36:12,823 --> 00:36:15,377
level than just at the national law. Can

990
00:36:15,377 --> 00:36:16,117
there be

991
00:36:16,654 --> 00:36:19,775
a quota or a limits? Per state, I

992
00:36:19,775 --> 00:36:21,068
mean, could could

993
00:36:21,440 --> 00:36:23,581
Colorado say I need a lot more sheep

994
00:36:23,581 --> 00:36:25,564
herd and you all say we got enough.

995
00:36:25,802 --> 00:36:28,123
And so the you know, that they're able

996
00:36:28,123 --> 00:36:30,217
to have some effect

997
00:36:30,593 --> 00:36:32,288
on the the availability

998
00:36:32,665 --> 00:36:33,722
in that state

999
00:36:35,152 --> 00:36:37,467
I... Currently, I don't think that's currently the

1000
00:36:37,467 --> 00:36:37,706
case,

1001
00:36:38,584 --> 00:36:38,824
but,

1002
00:36:39,463 --> 00:36:41,378
that is something that could be possible that

1003
00:36:41,378 --> 00:36:42,495
could be part of the discussion.

1004
00:36:43,869 --> 00:36:46,686
You know, that might be an idea

1005
00:36:47,304 --> 00:36:49,382
that could work. I I don't know exactly.

1006
00:36:49,781 --> 00:36:50,580
Then some of that,

1007
00:36:51,235 --> 00:36:53,315
if they look in particular, I will say

1008
00:36:53,315 --> 00:36:53,554
that,

1009
00:36:54,755 --> 00:36:57,335
as I mentioned, the department of labor first

1010
00:36:57,875 --> 00:37:00,449
reviews the application to make sure that it's

1011
00:37:00,449 --> 00:37:02,467
not taking away jobs from

1012
00:37:03,565 --> 00:37:06,442
their, you know, workers, Us born workers. That's

1013
00:37:06,442 --> 00:37:07,720
the first step of the process.

1014
00:37:08,453 --> 00:37:08,953
And

1015
00:37:09,329 --> 00:37:10,386
they usually

1016
00:37:11,318 --> 00:37:14,264
highly, you know, certify workers to come here.

1017
00:37:14,741 --> 00:37:17,947
That's, you, you know, 98, 97 percent of

1018
00:37:18,099 --> 00:37:20,440
those that requested get, you know, certified.

1019
00:37:21,219 --> 00:37:23,380
It's a pretty high. And then also, the

1020
00:37:23,619 --> 00:37:25,940
Us Cis, also is a pretty high.

1021
00:37:26,672 --> 00:37:28,579
Approval rate to get... To come here as

1022
00:37:28,579 --> 00:37:28,897
well.

1023
00:37:29,532 --> 00:37:31,439
So when they come to a state, did...

1024
00:37:31,678 --> 00:37:34,697
Are they regulated by the state's labor laws

1025
00:37:34,697 --> 00:37:35,769
such? As

1026
00:37:36,869 --> 00:37:38,489
minimum wage and

1027
00:37:38,789 --> 00:37:40,869
overtime and things like that, which vary by

1028
00:37:40,869 --> 00:37:41,110
state.

1029
00:37:41,989 --> 00:37:44,883
Yeah. That that can impact their wage, it

1030
00:37:44,883 --> 00:37:47,301
can impact, you know, there are student state

1031
00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:48,799
regulations that do need to be followed,

1032
00:37:49,518 --> 00:37:51,596
as well as h 2 regulations that need

1033
00:37:51,596 --> 00:37:52,555
to be followed as well.

1034
00:37:53,525 --> 00:37:54,637
That we've had a pretty high,

1035
00:37:55,351 --> 00:37:57,440
comparatively high minimum wage in California.

1036
00:37:57,893 --> 00:38:00,776
Mh. And and then some of these jobs

1037
00:38:01,324 --> 00:38:03,233
1 of I'm familiar with is like, sheep

1038
00:38:03,233 --> 00:38:05,643
herd. There are still sheep herd, which

1039
00:38:06,893 --> 00:38:09,440
people, you know, they're they're going up into

1040
00:38:09,440 --> 00:38:10,449
the mountains with,

1041
00:38:11,048 --> 00:38:12,644
a band of 2000 sheep,

1042
00:38:13,682 --> 00:38:16,077
a horse tent and, a dog in a

1043
00:38:16,396 --> 00:38:16,715
Winchester,

1044
00:38:17,434 --> 00:38:18,472
and you're kind of,

1045
00:38:19,444 --> 00:38:21,518
on the clock really or around the clock.

1046
00:38:21,757 --> 00:38:22,395
You know, you're...

1047
00:38:23,512 --> 00:38:26,383
And so there's trying to adjust some of

1048
00:38:26,383 --> 00:38:28,058
those things, and this is made even an

1049
00:38:28,058 --> 00:38:28,776
extreme example.

1050
00:38:29,509 --> 00:38:31,184
But that's where they just had to kinda

1051
00:38:31,184 --> 00:38:33,498
go out and, you know, live in that

1052
00:38:33,498 --> 00:38:35,414
environment to be able to to move the

1053
00:38:35,414 --> 00:38:36,371
herd or sheep along.

1054
00:38:37,662 --> 00:38:39,974
And then they... Or I think they're getting

1055
00:38:39,974 --> 00:38:42,126
many from Peru now. I for some reason,

1056
00:38:42,286 --> 00:38:43,880
but it kind of varies where they can...

1057
00:38:44,359 --> 00:38:45,417
Where they can find

1058
00:38:45,888 --> 00:38:47,161
find labor to bring them in.

1059
00:38:47,878 --> 00:38:50,027
Yeah. I... And I I'll have to admit.

1060
00:38:50,266 --> 00:38:52,416
I don't know exactly how state law impacts

1061
00:38:52,416 --> 00:38:53,292
like, their pay.

1062
00:38:54,183 --> 00:38:57,451
We we have seen an increase in pay,

1063
00:38:58,407 --> 00:39:00,797
if we, you know, a compared,

1064
00:39:02,244 --> 00:39:04,547
you know, similar dollars from 20 17 to

1065
00:39:04,547 --> 00:39:05,500
20 22,

1066
00:39:05,976 --> 00:39:09,074
we did see mostly that the paid did

1067
00:39:09,074 --> 00:39:12,105
increase, which tells us that there is still,

1068
00:39:12,184 --> 00:39:13,533
you know, there's quite a demand as well.

1069
00:39:13,692 --> 00:39:15,541
That's another way that we looked at demand

1070
00:39:15,676 --> 00:39:16,970
was both as a number

1071
00:39:17,359 --> 00:39:17,859
geography

1072
00:39:18,396 --> 00:39:20,789
and then also pay. And and most places,

1073
00:39:20,949 --> 00:39:21,188
you know,

1074
00:39:22,226 --> 00:39:23,204
increased and pay

1075
00:39:23,662 --> 00:39:24,460
from so.

1076
00:39:24,872 --> 00:39:26,007
Now are labor

1077
00:39:26,380 --> 00:39:26,880
contractors

1078
00:39:28,047 --> 00:39:29,261
themselves? Are they regulated?

1079
00:39:32,428 --> 00:39:35,615
I... Yes. There there certainly are, certain regulations

1080
00:39:35,615 --> 00:39:38,085
that are put in there. The biden administration

1081
00:39:38,085 --> 00:39:38,324
has...

1082
00:39:40,236 --> 00:39:41,192
I, you know, I shouldn't say...

1083
00:39:42,405 --> 00:39:44,324
Specifically for the farm labor contractors,

1084
00:39:44,804 --> 00:39:47,204
and assume there are, you know, regulations that

1085
00:39:47,204 --> 00:39:49,125
are are are placed in there, but also

1086
00:39:49,125 --> 00:39:49,944
the employer

1087
00:39:50,259 --> 00:39:51,848
you know, there are certain regulations, of course,

1088
00:39:51,927 --> 00:39:52,484
that they have.

1089
00:39:55,265 --> 00:39:56,615
The biden administration has,

1090
00:39:57,490 --> 00:39:58,800
you worked with

1091
00:39:59,413 --> 00:40:00,469
you know, increased

1092
00:40:01,162 --> 00:40:02,775
some of the regulations for

1093
00:40:03,309 --> 00:40:04,183
farm employers,

1094
00:40:04,899 --> 00:40:06,648
and and for, you know, making sure that

1095
00:40:06,648 --> 00:40:09,054
farm workers do have rights when they do

1096
00:40:09,054 --> 00:40:10,968
come here and and and looking at that.

1097
00:40:11,766 --> 00:40:14,239
Well, because, obviously, I mean, they're... If they're

1098
00:40:14,239 --> 00:40:15,754
concerned about a certain income they got, and

1099
00:40:15,754 --> 00:40:17,524
then there's a certain fee that has be

1100
00:40:17,524 --> 00:40:19,041
paid by somebody. And

1101
00:40:19,998 --> 00:40:22,095
and I do understand a role for labor

1102
00:40:22,153 --> 00:40:24,229
contractors because again, people haven't done that much,

1103
00:40:24,389 --> 00:40:26,637
and if they have to get quite a

1104
00:40:26,637 --> 00:40:28,467
few people lined up. I can see where

1105
00:40:28,467 --> 00:40:30,696
they could... There's a a service there to

1106
00:40:30,696 --> 00:40:31,174
be rendered.

1107
00:40:31,970 --> 00:40:34,039
But then somebody has to be responsible for

1108
00:40:34,039 --> 00:40:35,813
these minimum standards whether

1109
00:40:36,600 --> 00:40:38,665
to be sure that, housing,

1110
00:40:40,255 --> 00:40:40,572
transportation,

1111
00:40:42,638 --> 00:40:45,228
I'm not... Quite sure exactly how the food

1112
00:40:45,447 --> 00:40:47,845
food works, but access to be able to,

1113
00:40:48,005 --> 00:40:50,482
you know, these kinds of things they're taking

1114
00:40:50,482 --> 00:40:51,382
place. And

1115
00:40:52,161 --> 00:40:52,900
so there's

1116
00:40:53,214 --> 00:40:55,231
There's... Again, it gets back to a fair

1117
00:40:55,289 --> 00:40:57,865
amount of structure and an

1118
00:40:58,243 --> 00:40:58,483
organization.

1119
00:40:59,919 --> 00:41:02,074
It's it it's a... If a fascinating area,

1120
00:41:02,249 --> 00:41:04,881
and it's it's it's an it's an important

1121
00:41:04,881 --> 00:41:05,280
area.

1122
00:41:06,157 --> 00:41:08,172
So when you look at this whole broad

1123
00:41:08,231 --> 00:41:10,863
area, get yourself, and you're involved in the

1124
00:41:10,863 --> 00:41:12,791
science and the research department.

1125
00:41:14,940 --> 00:41:16,293
What are some of the questions you have,

1126
00:41:16,532 --> 00:41:17,588
you'd like to see

1127
00:41:18,203 --> 00:41:19,794
answer down the road. I mean, if you

1128
00:41:19,794 --> 00:41:21,568
get to... You put together a

1129
00:41:21,878 --> 00:41:23,940
you know, a wish list of view the

1130
00:41:23,940 --> 00:41:26,003
research you look for questions you'd like to

1131
00:41:26,003 --> 00:41:28,699
see answered and do you think that or

1132
00:41:28,699 --> 00:41:29,492
could be useful,

1133
00:41:30,064 --> 00:41:32,400
as as we move forward with

1134
00:41:33,097 --> 00:41:33,597
immigration

1135
00:41:33,974 --> 00:41:36,768
you know, indefinitely being an important part of

1136
00:41:36,768 --> 00:41:39,500
of of the Us seen and important to

1137
00:41:39,739 --> 00:41:40,699
Us food industry.

1138
00:41:41,420 --> 00:41:42,219
Yeah. Yeah.

1139
00:41:43,179 --> 00:41:43,420
Well,

1140
00:41:44,140 --> 00:41:46,380
if I were to kinda in particular the,

1141
00:41:46,460 --> 00:41:47,679
you know, farm workers

1142
00:41:48,390 --> 00:41:50,612
I would have to say, you know, the

1143
00:41:50,612 --> 00:41:51,985
big question I have

1144
00:41:52,437 --> 00:41:55,294
is how can we improve the H 2

1145
00:41:55,294 --> 00:41:55,794
program?

1146
00:41:56,976 --> 00:41:59,679
To both benefit the worker who's coming here

1147
00:41:59,679 --> 00:42:01,984
and then also the employer, and how how

1148
00:42:01,984 --> 00:42:03,971
best to do that and have that discussion.

1149
00:42:04,447 --> 00:42:04,924
Mh.

1150
00:42:05,893 --> 00:42:08,675
III think that's also just an immigration in

1151
00:42:08,675 --> 00:42:09,072
general,

1152
00:42:09,549 --> 00:42:11,718
how can we get beyond

1153
00:42:12,092 --> 00:42:13,999
where we are today a sort of a...

1154
00:42:14,969 --> 00:42:17,150
A political back and forth and

1155
00:42:17,530 --> 00:42:18,989
not making much progress?

1156
00:42:19,530 --> 00:42:21,630
How can we have a discussion

1157
00:42:22,024 --> 00:42:23,622
both about where we want the country to

1158
00:42:23,622 --> 00:42:25,241
go and what's happening,

1159
00:42:25,619 --> 00:42:27,297
but also to make sure that we, you

1160
00:42:27,297 --> 00:42:29,795
know, have a labor force that's here and

1161
00:42:30,744 --> 00:42:33,393
that's important and that that provides

1162
00:42:34,723 --> 00:42:36,712
what we need in our country. You know,

1163
00:42:36,871 --> 00:42:39,525
there's there's different areas. We talk about agriculture

1164
00:42:39,525 --> 00:42:40,324
and their shortages,

1165
00:42:40,964 --> 00:42:42,905
but so many things are going

1166
00:42:43,204 --> 00:42:46,005
in, you know, Ai and in chip manufacturing.

1167
00:42:46,499 --> 00:42:48,096
Where we just don't have the workers for

1168
00:42:48,096 --> 00:42:50,091
that as well that we need to have

1169
00:42:50,091 --> 00:42:50,591
workers,

1170
00:42:51,448 --> 00:42:52,725
help us, you know,

1171
00:42:53,922 --> 00:42:54,960
with those industries,

1172
00:42:56,167 --> 00:42:56,405
and,

1173
00:42:57,119 --> 00:42:58,152
things in construction.

1174
00:42:59,025 --> 00:43:01,644
There's areas where we need more workers as

1175
00:43:01,644 --> 00:43:02,144
well

1176
00:43:03,152 --> 00:43:05,153
across the country. In different places.

1177
00:43:05,790 --> 00:43:08,438
So it's it's a discussion that happens happens

1178
00:43:08,574 --> 00:43:10,085
that has to happen locally,

1179
00:43:10,641 --> 00:43:13,284
but also within industry and it's just different

1180
00:43:13,284 --> 00:43:15,542
levels. And how do we have those discussions

1181
00:43:17,279 --> 00:43:18,738
that are productive

1182
00:43:19,277 --> 00:43:21,846
and and not getting into, you know, politics

1183
00:43:21,846 --> 00:43:24,070
up 1 side versus the other of how

1184
00:43:24,070 --> 00:43:25,580
we... Where we want to go as a

1185
00:43:25,580 --> 00:43:28,623
country and what we want as far as

1186
00:43:29,092 --> 00:43:31,344
economic development and growth to go forward

1187
00:43:31,878 --> 00:43:33,231
and what we want to accomplish.

1188
00:43:34,266 --> 00:43:35,324
Did did you

1189
00:43:35,699 --> 00:43:36,630
you grow up

1190
00:43:36,988 --> 00:43:39,700
anywhere near Storm lake Iowa. I did. Yes.

1191
00:43:40,338 --> 00:43:42,013
So why the guy... That's a guy's name

1192
00:43:42,013 --> 00:43:44,326
that publishes the paper there. It's a great

1193
00:43:44,326 --> 00:43:46,974
movie. I cannot remember his name. I've seen

1194
00:43:46,974 --> 00:43:49,135
a of times. I've... Read the book and

1195
00:43:49,215 --> 00:43:51,295
I've talked to him before. Yeah. It's been

1196
00:43:51,295 --> 00:43:53,054
a it's been a few years. It was

1197
00:43:53,054 --> 00:43:54,894
1 of those stories of a community too.

1198
00:43:55,375 --> 00:43:57,322
Hey that at first, I think the community

1199
00:43:57,380 --> 00:43:59,688
was feeling somewhat threatened because they, you know,

1200
00:43:59,926 --> 00:44:02,712
meat processing plant and they needed help, and

1201
00:44:02,712 --> 00:44:02,951
they...

1202
00:44:03,523 --> 00:44:05,593
You know, brought bus loads of immigrants in,

1203
00:44:05,832 --> 00:44:07,583
and that was back before. We knew all

1204
00:44:07,583 --> 00:44:09,972
those stories about them. And at first blush,

1205
00:44:10,132 --> 00:44:12,057
the community had a real hard time with

1206
00:44:12,057 --> 00:44:14,283
it. And then it just evolves, you know,

1207
00:44:14,522 --> 00:44:16,350
they kind of... They become a manager miniature

1208
00:44:16,509 --> 00:44:19,792
Brooklyn in Western Iowa. Yeah and and and

1209
00:44:19,849 --> 00:44:20,826
appreciate the

1210
00:44:21,614 --> 00:44:24,171
you know, the the foods and and they're

1211
00:44:24,171 --> 00:44:26,409
getting everybody's getting used to each other, you

1212
00:44:26,409 --> 00:44:28,646
know, and there's just so many things to

1213
00:44:28,646 --> 00:44:29,125
acc,

1214
00:44:30,019 --> 00:44:32,496
but there's some stories like that, but it

1215
00:44:32,496 --> 00:44:35,693
just kinda evolves. You get... Yeah. It's it

1216
00:44:35,693 --> 00:44:37,531
it's got it's it's got its rough spots,

1217
00:44:37,690 --> 00:44:39,781
and then I keep... Wishing that might be

1218
00:44:39,781 --> 00:44:41,934
what we're facing now is that this is

1219
00:44:41,934 --> 00:44:44,247
those rough spots we get to to to

1220
00:44:44,247 --> 00:44:46,720
work out. So good for you for being

1221
00:44:47,039 --> 00:44:48,097
kind of on that front.

1222
00:44:48,887 --> 00:44:52,141
And and looking at at what's what's going

1223
00:44:52,141 --> 00:44:52,380
on.

1224
00:44:53,015 --> 00:44:54,920
I love my job because it's different every

1225
00:44:54,920 --> 00:44:55,159
day.

1226
00:44:56,444 --> 00:44:58,201
New to look at something else to learn,

1227
00:44:58,360 --> 00:45:00,117
and yeah I gotta I I gotta ask

1228
00:45:00,117 --> 00:45:01,873
you the 1 more thing about for the

1229
00:45:01,873 --> 00:45:03,549
food chain is concerned.

1230
00:45:04,268 --> 00:45:05,545
What about the back of house?

1231
00:45:06,357 --> 00:45:07,073
In restaurants.

1232
00:45:07,948 --> 00:45:10,573
Mh. Are they able to utilize H 2

1233
00:45:10,573 --> 00:45:11,050
as well?

1234
00:45:12,482 --> 00:45:12,800
Restaurants...

1235
00:45:13,452 --> 00:45:16,002
No. This is... I I believe, I I

1236
00:45:16,002 --> 00:45:16,900
have never seen

1237
00:45:17,515 --> 00:45:19,586
working in restaurants or anything like that.

1238
00:45:20,239 --> 00:45:22,075
There there is the H2B,

1239
00:45:22,873 --> 00:45:23,671
which I mentioned,

1240
00:45:24,868 --> 00:45:27,422
can be... I think there can be restaurant

1241
00:45:27,422 --> 00:45:29,375
workers. Like I said, the are more seasonal

1242
00:45:29,434 --> 00:45:30,155
temporary workers,

1243
00:45:31,195 --> 00:45:32,255
mostly in

1244
00:45:33,434 --> 00:45:34,414
areas that

1245
00:45:34,954 --> 00:45:37,275
require seasonal workers say, like, in the ski

1246
00:45:37,275 --> 00:45:40,407
resorts, those or in now, like, Maine. I'm

1247
00:45:40,407 --> 00:45:41,765
doing this report. Know a lot of people,

1248
00:45:42,564 --> 00:45:44,402
Immigrants go up to Maine in Massachusetts, up

1249
00:45:44,482 --> 00:45:46,733
Northeast because people going up. You know, to

1250
00:45:46,733 --> 00:45:48,507
the beach beaches there or in Florida,

1251
00:45:49,043 --> 00:45:50,716
or different places at different points of the

1252
00:45:50,716 --> 00:45:52,013
year. And

1253
00:45:52,549 --> 00:45:52,947
so that...

1254
00:45:53,744 --> 00:45:55,360
That's can be places where

1255
00:45:56,309 --> 00:45:57,826
H2B temporary workers work.

1256
00:45:58,704 --> 00:45:59,023
Wow.

1257
00:45:59,581 --> 00:46:00,779
We're gonna have to have you back on

1258
00:46:00,779 --> 00:46:02,295
when this comes to H2C,

1259
00:46:03,413 --> 00:46:05,659
and b e and f. And and just

1260
00:46:05,659 --> 00:46:05,977
kind of

1261
00:46:06,693 --> 00:46:07,965
I'm I'm kinda with you. You went all

1262
00:46:07,965 --> 00:46:09,420
the way to Ski resorts as

1263
00:46:09,953 --> 00:46:11,623
the restaurant thing can reminds me. I used

1264
00:46:11,623 --> 00:46:12,737
to go to this place. It was a

1265
00:46:12,737 --> 00:46:13,110
great

1266
00:46:14,430 --> 00:46:16,670
have way us ring charles that I could

1267
00:46:16,670 --> 00:46:17,630
get for breakfast,

1268
00:46:18,269 --> 00:46:20,190
and I love really good way those ring

1269
00:46:20,190 --> 00:46:20,510
charles,

1270
00:46:21,082 --> 00:46:24,181
Yeah. And it turned out that the the

1271
00:46:24,181 --> 00:46:24,681
cook

1272
00:46:25,929 --> 00:46:26,167
was,

1273
00:46:27,359 --> 00:46:30,074
probably didn't can't came over and in a

1274
00:46:30,074 --> 00:46:32,057
in a process that wasn't exactly approved.

1275
00:46:32,771 --> 00:46:34,065
And and so

1276
00:46:34,516 --> 00:46:36,499
they came in and took back and sending

1277
00:46:36,499 --> 00:46:37,396
back to Mexico

1278
00:46:38,502 --> 00:46:39,002
And

1279
00:46:39,459 --> 00:46:41,054
I kept coming in and getting Away those

1280
00:46:41,054 --> 00:46:42,889
rent Charles. And 1 day they were really

1281
00:46:42,889 --> 00:46:44,643
great again, and I asked him. I said,

1282
00:46:45,121 --> 00:46:47,688
did Jesus come back and they said, Yeah.

1283
00:46:48,007 --> 00:46:48,486
He's back.

1284
00:46:50,400 --> 00:46:52,153
That's great. That's a good. No. I could

1285
00:46:52,153 --> 00:46:54,067
tell this because, okay, the good Way boss

1286
00:46:54,067 --> 00:46:55,742
are back. And and we gotta get in

1287
00:46:55,742 --> 00:46:59,021
a lot. Smoother with these with these things.

1288
00:46:59,260 --> 00:47:02,124
But I I appreciate you're telling the telling

1289
00:47:02,124 --> 00:47:03,738
these stories and

1290
00:47:04,050 --> 00:47:06,130
And I think it's it's a good reminder

1291
00:47:06,130 --> 00:47:06,369
to us.

1292
00:47:07,809 --> 00:47:09,329
Of all the needs that we have,

1293
00:47:09,969 --> 00:47:10,449
and

1294
00:47:11,424 --> 00:47:13,337
you know, you... Just when you feel like

1295
00:47:13,337 --> 00:47:15,250
maybe it there's been enough discussion in the

1296
00:47:15,250 --> 00:47:17,482
world about immigration, but not at the certain

1297
00:47:17,482 --> 00:47:19,077
level. It's we're probably in...

1298
00:47:19,808 --> 00:47:21,396
On all fronts here a little bit knee

1299
00:47:21,396 --> 00:47:23,221
jerk on some of it. But I'm I'm

1300
00:47:23,221 --> 00:47:24,753
mean, Impressed there are processes

1301
00:47:25,126 --> 00:47:27,769
and that there there's needs and that

1302
00:47:28,714 --> 00:47:30,153
and I'm glad that you're looking at it

1303
00:47:30,153 --> 00:47:32,550
and you're sharing with us. And I wanna

1304
00:47:32,550 --> 00:47:34,868
thank you for being on farm to table

1305
00:47:34,868 --> 00:47:37,846
talking. And if people would like to

1306
00:47:38,639 --> 00:47:40,019
see more about your

1307
00:47:40,400 --> 00:47:40,900
organization

1308
00:47:41,199 --> 00:47:41,679
or

1309
00:47:42,079 --> 00:47:44,319
are or this report that you've just done,

1310
00:47:44,800 --> 00:47:45,679
how can I find it?

1311
00:47:46,492 --> 00:47:48,719
So, it's on our website. It's

1312
00:47:49,275 --> 00:47:51,025
it's all 1 word, American

1313
00:47:51,502 --> 00:47:52,320
Immigration Council

1314
00:47:52,933 --> 00:47:54,047
and then dot org.

1315
00:47:54,619 --> 00:47:55,578
So 0RG.

1316
00:47:56,058 --> 00:47:58,056
And okay. And then you should be able

1317
00:47:58,056 --> 00:48:00,853
to find it there. And yeah, we are...

1318
00:48:01,412 --> 00:48:02,931
Like I said, we're doing this 1 and

1319
00:48:02,931 --> 00:48:04,864
we'll do another map on h to, and

1320
00:48:04,864 --> 00:48:06,864
we're very excited about... And we're gonna be

1321
00:48:06,864 --> 00:48:07,684
update. We're gonna

1322
00:48:08,224 --> 00:48:09,744
we're gonna try to update it every year.

1323
00:48:10,144 --> 00:48:12,465
Yeah. So you look at the timeline and

1324
00:48:12,465 --> 00:48:14,470
what's happening because it is something that we

1325
00:48:14,470 --> 00:48:16,769
do wanna be keeping track of because it's

1326
00:48:16,769 --> 00:48:17,269
demand

1327
00:48:18,037 --> 00:48:20,416
increasingly we wanna find out what we can

1328
00:48:20,416 --> 00:48:23,376
help. It both local communities and farmers know

1329
00:48:23,376 --> 00:48:25,528
about this demand and and what we can

1330
00:48:25,528 --> 00:48:26,028
tell

1331
00:48:26,485 --> 00:48:28,717
legislators and how to improve the program? Well,

1332
00:48:28,797 --> 00:48:29,297
on

1333
00:48:29,608 --> 00:48:31,355
If you've got something that you think those

1334
00:48:31,355 --> 00:48:33,579
of us that are paying attention tower foods

1335
00:48:33,579 --> 00:48:36,359
grown and consumed and distributed and the role

1336
00:48:36,359 --> 00:48:38,344
labor plays come back, and you don't even

1337
00:48:38,344 --> 00:48:41,863
have to wait. For H2BBEFGHI.

1338
00:48:42,421 --> 00:48:44,731
And, well, anytime. So Steve Albert, thanks for

1339
00:48:44,731 --> 00:48:46,267
being on farm but table talk

1340
00:48:46,579 --> 00:48:47,380
Yes. Thank you.

1341
00:48:48,179 --> 00:48:49,059
It's great to be here.

1342
00:48:58,914 --> 00:49:00,994
You've been listening to farm to table talk

1343
00:49:00,994 --> 00:49:02,515
with your host, Roger Watson.